Definition
Environmental limits which define a safe operating space for humanity to maintain a stable and resilient Earth. The nine planetary boundaries are: climate change, biosphere integrity (biodiversity), land system change, freshwater change, biogeochemical flows, ocean acidification, atmospheric aerosol loading, stratospheric ozone depletion, and novel entities (novel manmade substances and disruption such as nuclear waste, genetic modification, and microplastics).
Further reading
See also
Drafted by
Chris Graham
Reviewed by
TBC